How to Count Cards in Blackjack: An In-Depth Tutorial

Several cards counting systems, like the popular Hi-Lo, help players manage the deck and adjust their bets and strategy accordingly. Successful card counting requires practice, discipline, and a solid understanding of when to increase your bets or adjust your play based on the remaining cards in the deck.

Here how to count cards in Blackjack in a nutshell, it is about keeping track of which cards (high and low) have been played so you can predict which ones are likely to appear. This knowledge guides how much you bet and how you play each hand. The main objective is to tip the odds in your favor—not by memorizing every single card, but by understanding the overall composition of the deck. 

I’ve met plenty of newcomers who think card counting is illegal or that you need a math genius to succeed. Neither is true. While casinos dislike it, card counting is typically not illegal. Yet if you show consistent skill, expect some extra scrutiny. 

A Brief Historical Context 

Card counting gained serious momentum in the 1960s when mathematician Edward O. Thorp used early computer simulations to analyze blackjack. His book, Beat the Dealer, turned traditional views of the game upside down. Teams like the famous MIT Blackjack Team further refined these techniques, proving that with discipline and knowledge, it’s possible to profit over the long term. 

Fundamentals of Card Counting 

High-Betting-Value vs. Low-Betting-Value Cards 

• High-value cards (10s, Jacks, Queens, Kings, Aces) favor the player. 

• Low-value cards (2–6) generally favor the dealer because they reduce the likelihood of a blackjack and make you more likely to draw additional cards (increasing your bust risk). 

Why It’s Important 

When the deck is rich in high-value cards, players stand a better chance of getting strong totals or landing a blackjack. If fewer high-value cards are left, the deck is less favorable. 

Popular Card Counting Systems (In Depth) 

Hi-Lo System 

• Card Values:  

• 2–6: +1 

• 7–9: 0 

• 10–A: –1 

• Running Count: Tally up +1 or –1 (or 0) for each card as it’s dealt. 

• True Count: Convert the Running Count to a True Count by factoring in how many decks remain. 

Many beginners start with Hi-Lo because it’s relatively straightforward yet offers a solid advantage. 

Knock-Out (KO) System 

• Card Values:  

• 2–7: +1 

• 8–9: 0 

• 10–A: –1 

This “unbalanced” system simplifies counting because you don’t need the same level of deck adjustment required in Hi-Lo. Some players find it easier to keep track of counts in busy casino settings. 

Omega II 

• Multi-Level Card Values (simplified):  

• 2, 3, 7: +1 

• 4, 5, 6: +2 

• 9: –1 

• 10, J, Q, K: –2 

• 8, Ace: 0 

Omega II assigns different values (not always +1/–1) for various cards. It’s more precise but requires sharper mental arithmetic. 

Wong Halves 

Wong Halves uses half-point increments and can seem daunting to new players. It’s typically recommended only after gaining confidence with a simpler method like Hi-Lo. 

Running Count vs. True Count 

• Running Count: The ongoing tally of +1, –1, or 0 while cards are dealt. 

• True Count: The Running Count adjusted for the number of decks still in play. A +4 in a single-deck game is very different from a +4 in a six-deck shoe. 

Adjusting Strategy According to the Count 

• Taking Insurance: Insurance becomes more attractive when many 10-value cards remain. 

• Standing on 16 vs. Dealer’s 10: If there’s a surplus of high cards, hitting might be riskier. 

• Splitting and Doubling Down: With a favorable count, taking more aggressive actions often pays off. 

I’ve seen a student double down on an 8 against a dealer’s 6 in a high-count scenario, draw a 10, and watch the dealer bust. While not always guaranteed, math supports the move. 

Betting Strategies 

Of course, there are always multiple strategies to bet on. It is important to start from the basic and then to extend it with progressive ones.

• Increase Bets: When the True Count is favorable, raise your wager. 

• Avoid Obvious Shifts: Sudden jumps in bet size may alert casino staff. 

• Manage Risk: Even with a high count, losses happen. Consistency and discipline are key. 

Bankroll Management 

• Ensure Adequate Funds: You need a bankroll that can withstand losing streaks. 

• Don’t Chase Losses: Emotional decisions can undermine even the best counter’s  

Team Play 

Teams often split duties: a “spotter” keeps the count with minimal bets, then signals a “big player” to jump in when the count is high. This strategy can multiply winnings but requires flawless communication. 

Legal and Ethical Considerations 

Card counting is not illegal in most jurisdictions, but casinos may ask you to leave if they suspect you’re counting. Their priority is protecting profits. Using only your brain isn’t a crime, but be aware that you can be banned or closely watched. 

• Mix Up Your Behavior: Avoid staring intently at every card. 

• Engage in Table Talk: Socializing draws less suspicion. 

• Practice at Home: The more second-nature your counting is, the less likely you’ll appear suspicious. 

FAQs on Card Counting

Q: Is card counting illegal? 

A: Generally, no. Casinos can still ban you if they think you’re counting, as they want to protect their bottom line. 

Q: Do I need to be a math genius to count cards? 

A: Not really. Most systems use simple addition and subtraction. Consistent practice is what truly counts. 

Q: What’s the best system for beginners? 

A: Hi-Lo is often recommended. It’s relatively simple to learn and offers a solid advantage if applied properly. 

Q: Can I practice without risking real money? 

A: Absolutely. Practice at home with a deck of cards or use training software. Some people time themselves while running through an entire deck. 

Q: Why do I need a True Count if I already have a Running Count? 

A: The True Count factors in how many decks remain, giving a more accurate picture of the card composition. 

Q: Can I get banned for counting cards? 

A: Casinos can refuse service to anyone they suspect of advantage play, including counting. It’s their house, their rules. 

Remember, card counting is about patience and meticulous practice. If you decide to try it, start cautiously, remain disciplined, and, above all, enjoy the game responsibly.